How to Treat Wounds and Conditions Related to the Cold:
In most situations, you can secure a first aid kit, but I will show you how to do without those resources. After accidents, the most common thing that you will find is bleeding. Once you see that, remember, don’t panic! Instead, keep yourself calm. Identify the wounded location and apply direct pressure to stop the bleeding. In some cases you may find that a tourniquet is necessary. But keep in mind, don’t use a tourniquet, unless you face severe bleeding. The proper way to apply a tourniquet is to first find a find a strong, flexible piece of cloth. Next, wrap the cloth 2-4 inches away from the wound, avoiding direct contact. If possible, place some padding under the tourniquet. Once you finish, you must tie a half-knot (like the first part of the knot of tying your shoelace) , apply a strong stick on the top of the knot, and tie a full knot over the stick. Now, just turn the stick to apply more pressure to the wound and you should stop once the bleeding has stopped. Be careful tourniquets may cause permanent damage to the limb because the pressure stops the blood from entering that region.

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

Dangers of the Tundra 
 

Hypothermia: the lowering of the body temperature at a rate faster than the body can produce heat. Hypothermia can be caused by exposure to large amounts of cold water. To treat this, you must first get shelter. Replace wet clothes with dry ones and wear additional layers. Exercise has also proven to help. This is because when you exercise, your muscles move, thus generating heat. You must also drink water or if possible, sweetened liquids. Also light a fire and huddle around that and if you have a sleeping bag, get inside it. If you have other people beside you, use their body heat to get warm. You can do this by getting into a sleeping bag with them. And if you have no one to help you, wrap some water bottles containing hot water in your sleeping bag.

​

Frostbite: the result of frozen tissue.

In order to heal frostbite, try to get a

buddy to share body heat with you, or

if you are alone, cover the area with your

own body parts and try to move that part of

the body to keep the tissue alive.   

Snow blindness: the temporary inability

to see because of too much light being

reflected into your eyes. If this occurs, you can

easily treat this by covering the eyes until the

symptoms disappear. Afterwards, you can

create sunglasses by cutting small slits into a

solid piece of bark or bone so that only a tiny slit

allowing for minimal light exposure remains.​